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Long‐term outcomes after COVID‐19 infection in transplant recipients.

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Title: Long‐term outcomes after COVID‐19 infection in transplant recipients.
Authors: Freels, Kaitlyn L., Saharia, Kapil K., Baddley, John W., Costa, Nadiesda A., Niederhaus, Silke V.
Source: Clinical Transplantation; Feb2024, Vol. 38 Issue 2, p1-6, 6p
Subject Terms: COVID-19, GRAFT rejection, TRANSPLANTATION of organs, tissues, etc., VACCINATION, PATIENT readmissions, KIDNEY failure
Company/Entity: NATIONAL Institutes of Health (U.S.)
Abstract: Background: Long‐term outcomes after COVID‐19 infection unique to solid organ transplant recipients (SOTR) are not published. We describe outcomes including readmission, allograft rejection, allograft dysfunction, allograft failure, and death. Methods: We conducted a retrospective cohort study of mostly unvaccinated SOTR with COVID‐19 from March 2020 to November 2021. Disease severity was assigned by NIH criteria. Data included demographics, clinical features, treatment, and outcomes and are presented as mean ± standard deviation or median (range). Results: One hundred and thirty‐eight SOTR were diagnosed with COVID‐19 at a median of 5 (IQR 3–8) years post‐transplant with a mean age of 57 ± 12 years at diagnosis. Forty‐one recovered at home; 97 were admitted. 12/32 (37.5%) SOTR with critical disease expired during initial admission. Among those who recovered, 48/126 (38.0%) had asymptomatic or mild infection, 31/126 (24.6%) had moderate, 27/126 (21.4%) severe, and 20/126 (15.9%) critical infection. 38/85 (44.7%) of SOTR who survived initial admission had 74 readmissions within 180 days (Figure 1). The 6‐month mortality rate among those who survived infection was 4/126 (3.2%). The mean time from initial infection to death was 32 ± 66 days in inpatient deaths and 95 ± 39 days in those who were discharged or never admitted. Six‐month graft dysfunction occurred in 18/125 (14.4%) and graft failure in 9/126 (7.2%); five failures were deaths with function. Conclusion: Readmissions after COVID‐19 infection were frequent after the index admission. Rejection was relatively infrequent; graft dysfunction at 6 months post‐infection was more common than rejection. Six‐month mortality following COVID‐19 recovery in SOTR was significant; close follow‐up of patients is warranted. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
Copyright of Clinical Transplantation is the property of Wiley-Blackwell and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
Database: Complementary Index
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  Data: Long‐term outcomes after COVID‐19 infection in transplant recipients.
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  Data: <searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Freels%2C+Kaitlyn+L%2E%22">Freels, Kaitlyn L.</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Saharia%2C+Kapil+K%2E%22">Saharia, Kapil K.</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Baddley%2C+John+W%2E%22">Baddley, John W.</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Costa%2C+Nadiesda+A%2E%22">Costa, Nadiesda A.</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Niederhaus%2C+Silke+V%2E%22">Niederhaus, Silke V.</searchLink>
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  Data: Clinical Transplantation; Feb2024, Vol. 38 Issue 2, p1-6, 6p
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  Data: <searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22COVID-19%22">COVID-19</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22GRAFT+rejection%22">GRAFT rejection</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22TRANSPLANTATION+of+organs%2C+tissues%2C+etc%2E%22">TRANSPLANTATION of organs, tissues, etc.</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22VACCINATION%22">VACCINATION</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22PATIENT+readmissions%22">PATIENT readmissions</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22KIDNEY+failure%22">KIDNEY failure</searchLink>
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  Data: <searchLink fieldCode="CO" term="%22NATIONAL+Institutes+of+Health+%28U%2ES%2E%29%22">NATIONAL Institutes of Health (U.S.)</searchLink>
– Name: Abstract
  Label: Abstract
  Group: Ab
  Data: Background: Long‐term outcomes after COVID‐19 infection unique to solid organ transplant recipients (SOTR) are not published. We describe outcomes including readmission, allograft rejection, allograft dysfunction, allograft failure, and death. Methods: We conducted a retrospective cohort study of mostly unvaccinated SOTR with COVID‐19 from March 2020 to November 2021. Disease severity was assigned by NIH criteria. Data included demographics, clinical features, treatment, and outcomes and are presented as mean ± standard deviation or median (range). Results: One hundred and thirty‐eight SOTR were diagnosed with COVID‐19 at a median of 5 (IQR 3–8) years post‐transplant with a mean age of 57 ± 12 years at diagnosis. Forty‐one recovered at home; 97 were admitted. 12/32 (37.5%) SOTR with critical disease expired during initial admission. Among those who recovered, 48/126 (38.0%) had asymptomatic or mild infection, 31/126 (24.6%) had moderate, 27/126 (21.4%) severe, and 20/126 (15.9%) critical infection. 38/85 (44.7%) of SOTR who survived initial admission had 74 readmissions within 180 days (Figure 1). The 6‐month mortality rate among those who survived infection was 4/126 (3.2%). The mean time from initial infection to death was 32 ± 66 days in inpatient deaths and 95 ± 39 days in those who were discharged or never admitted. Six‐month graft dysfunction occurred in 18/125 (14.4%) and graft failure in 9/126 (7.2%); five failures were deaths with function. Conclusion: Readmissions after COVID‐19 infection were frequent after the index admission. Rejection was relatively infrequent; graft dysfunction at 6 months post‐infection was more common than rejection. Six‐month mortality following COVID‐19 recovery in SOTR was significant; close follow‐up of patients is warranted. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
– Name: Abstract
  Label:
  Group: Ab
  Data: <i>Copyright of Clinical Transplantation is the property of Wiley-Blackwell and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract.</i> (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
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        Value: 10.1111/ctr.15266
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        Text: English
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      – SubjectFull: GRAFT rejection
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      – SubjectFull: TRANSPLANTATION of organs, tissues, etc.
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      – SubjectFull: VACCINATION
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      – SubjectFull: PATIENT readmissions
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      – SubjectFull: KIDNEY failure
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              Text: Feb2024
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