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Changes in parasite species distributions could be driven by host range expansions: the case of hybridisation between two Australian reptile ticks.

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Title: Changes in parasite species distributions could be driven by host range expansions: the case of hybridisation between two Australian reptile ticks.
Authors: Barnden, Bridgette, Slender, Amy L., Sharrad, Robert D., Gardner, Michael G.
Source: Australian Journal of Zoology; 2022, Vol. 70 Issue 5, p153-163, 11p
Subject Terms: TICKS, SPECIES distribution, SPECIES hybridization, EFFECT of human beings on climate change, SINGLE nucleotide polymorphisms, THEILERIA, PARASITES, REPTILES
Abstract: Anthropogenic stressors such as climate change and diminishing habitats cause widespread disturbances in species distributions for a variety of taxa. Range shifts and hybridisation following secondary contact become of particular importance when it comes to parasites such as ticks, as they are dependent on their host distributions and can carry numerous harmful pathogens. We aimed to determine if two parapatric reptile tick species, Amblyomma albolimbatum and A. limbatum , hybridise at their parapatric boundary by comparing morphological and genomic variation using single nucleotide polymorphisms. Our results show that both tick species were genomically distinct, but hybridisation has occurred. We found a hybrid and an A. limbatum outside of their previously known range, suggesting there could have been a shift in tick distribution. What were thought to be hybrids due to intermediate morphological traits were not hybrids but morphological variants of the parental species. This information suggests more distinctive morphological features are needed for identifying these tick species and that novel environmental conditions and a broadening of tick niche due to hybridisation could increase host exposure to different pathogens. Climate change affects the distribution of parasite species as their hosts may move to or expand their range into areas where the climate is more suitable. Hybridisation between parapatric parasitic species as detected in this study could model future events when other parasitic species either come into secondary contact or increase their overlapping distribution. Hybridisation can potentially further diversify these parasites' home ranges, host species, and pathogens, exposing host species to novel diseases. Photograph by Dr Gerrut Norval. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
Copyright of Australian Journal of Zoology is the property of CSIRO Publishing and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
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Items – Name: Title
  Label: Title
  Group: Ti
  Data: Changes in parasite species distributions could be driven by host range expansions: the case of hybridisation between two Australian reptile ticks.
– Name: Author
  Label: Authors
  Group: Au
  Data: <searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Barnden%2C+Bridgette%22">Barnden, Bridgette</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Slender%2C+Amy+L%2E%22">Slender, Amy L.</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Sharrad%2C+Robert+D%2E%22">Sharrad, Robert D.</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Gardner%2C+Michael+G%2E%22">Gardner, Michael G.</searchLink>
– Name: TitleSource
  Label: Source
  Group: Src
  Data: Australian Journal of Zoology; 2022, Vol. 70 Issue 5, p153-163, 11p
– Name: Subject
  Label: Subject Terms
  Group: Su
  Data: <searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22TICKS%22">TICKS</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22SPECIES+distribution%22">SPECIES distribution</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22SPECIES+hybridization%22">SPECIES hybridization</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22EFFECT+of+human+beings+on+climate+change%22">EFFECT of human beings on climate change</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22SINGLE+nucleotide+polymorphisms%22">SINGLE nucleotide polymorphisms</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22THEILERIA%22">THEILERIA</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22PARASITES%22">PARASITES</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22REPTILES%22">REPTILES</searchLink>
– Name: Abstract
  Label: Abstract
  Group: Ab
  Data: Anthropogenic stressors such as climate change and diminishing habitats cause widespread disturbances in species distributions for a variety of taxa. Range shifts and hybridisation following secondary contact become of particular importance when it comes to parasites such as ticks, as they are dependent on their host distributions and can carry numerous harmful pathogens. We aimed to determine if two parapatric reptile tick species, Amblyomma albolimbatum and A. limbatum , hybridise at their parapatric boundary by comparing morphological and genomic variation using single nucleotide polymorphisms. Our results show that both tick species were genomically distinct, but hybridisation has occurred. We found a hybrid and an A. limbatum outside of their previously known range, suggesting there could have been a shift in tick distribution. What were thought to be hybrids due to intermediate morphological traits were not hybrids but morphological variants of the parental species. This information suggests more distinctive morphological features are needed for identifying these tick species and that novel environmental conditions and a broadening of tick niche due to hybridisation could increase host exposure to different pathogens. Climate change affects the distribution of parasite species as their hosts may move to or expand their range into areas where the climate is more suitable. Hybridisation between parapatric parasitic species as detected in this study could model future events when other parasitic species either come into secondary contact or increase their overlapping distribution. Hybridisation can potentially further diversify these parasites' home ranges, host species, and pathogens, exposing host species to novel diseases. Photograph by Dr Gerrut Norval. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
– Name: Abstract
  Label:
  Group: Ab
  Data: <i>Copyright of Australian Journal of Zoology is the property of CSIRO Publishing and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract.</i> (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
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RecordInfo BibRecord:
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    Identifiers:
      – Type: doi
        Value: 10.1071/ZO23010
    Languages:
      – Code: eng
        Text: English
    PhysicalDescription:
      Pagination:
        PageCount: 11
        StartPage: 153
    Subjects:
      – SubjectFull: TICKS
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: SPECIES distribution
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: SPECIES hybridization
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: EFFECT of human beings on climate change
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: SINGLE nucleotide polymorphisms
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: THEILERIA
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: PARASITES
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: REPTILES
        Type: general
    Titles:
      – TitleFull: Changes in parasite species distributions could be driven by host range expansions: the case of hybridisation between two Australian reptile ticks.
        Type: main
  BibRelationships:
    HasContributorRelationships:
      – PersonEntity:
          Name:
            NameFull: Barnden, Bridgette
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          Name:
            NameFull: Slender, Amy L.
      – PersonEntity:
          Name:
            NameFull: Sharrad, Robert D.
      – PersonEntity:
          Name:
            NameFull: Gardner, Michael G.
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          Dates:
            – D: 01
              M: 10
              Text: 2022
              Type: published
              Y: 2022
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              Value: 0004959X
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              Value: 70
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              Value: 5
          Titles:
            – TitleFull: Australian Journal of Zoology
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