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Active and latent tuberculosis among inmates in La Esperanza prison in Guaduas, Colombia.

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Title: Active and latent tuberculosis among inmates in La Esperanza prison in Guaduas, Colombia.
Authors: Guerra, Julio, Mogollón, Daniel, González, Deccy, Sanchez, Ricardo, Rueda, Zulma Vanessa, Parra-López, Carlos A., Murcia, Martha Isabel
Source: PLoS ONE; 1/25/2019, Vol. 14 Issue 1, p1-18, 18p
Subject Terms: TUBERCULOSIS, MYCOBACTERIUM tuberculosis, INFECTION, PRISONERS, ISONIAZID
Abstract: Introduction: Active tuberculosis (TB) and latent tuberculosis infection (LTBI) are a public health threat in prisons around the world. The objectives of the study were to estimate the prevalence of LTBI and TB as well as to investigate TB transmission inside one prison, in Colombia. Methods: A Cross-sectional study was conducted in inmates who agreed to participate. Inmates with respiratory symptoms (RS) of any duration underwent to medical evaluation and three sputum samples were taken for smear microscopy and culture for TB diagnosis. Drug susceptibility was analyzed using BACTEC MGIT 960 and GenoType MTBDRplus. Molecular genotyping of Mycobacterium tuberculosis isolates was performed by 24-Locus MIRU-VNTR and spoligotyping. LTBI was evaluated according to the result of the tuberculin skin test (TST). Close contact investigation was conducted inside the prison for inmates that shared the cell with the index TB case. Results: Among 301/2,020 (15%) inmates with RS of any duration, 8% were diagnosed with active TB. The prevalence of active TB was 1,026 cases/100,000 inmates. We isolated M. tuberculosis in 19/24 (79%) TB cases, 94.7% were susceptible to first line drugs and only one was monoresistant to isoniazid. The most prevalent sub-lineage was Haarlem (68.4%), followed by LAM (26.3%) and T superfamily (5.3%). 24-Locus MIRU-VNTR typing results alone or in combination with spoligotyping identified three clusters containing two isolates each. Two clusters corresponded to inmates that shared the same cell, but each one was located in different blocks of the prison. Inmates from the last cluster were in the same block in nearby cells. TST reading was performed in 95.6% inmates, and 67.6% had a positive reaction. Conclusions: The prevalence of LTBI and TB was higher in prison than in the general population. Molecular genotyping suggests that TB in this prison is mainly caused by strains imported by inmates or endogenous reactivation. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
Copyright of PLoS ONE is the property of Public Library of Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
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  Data: Active and latent tuberculosis among inmates in La Esperanza prison in Guaduas, Colombia.
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  Data: <searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Guerra%2C+Julio%22">Guerra, Julio</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Mogollón%2C+Daniel%22">Mogollón, Daniel</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22González%2C+Deccy%22">González, Deccy</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Sanchez%2C+Ricardo%22">Sanchez, Ricardo</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Rueda%2C+Zulma+Vanessa%22">Rueda, Zulma Vanessa</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Parra-López%2C+Carlos+A%2E%22">Parra-López, Carlos A.</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Murcia%2C+Martha+Isabel%22">Murcia, Martha Isabel</searchLink>
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  Data: PLoS ONE; 1/25/2019, Vol. 14 Issue 1, p1-18, 18p
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  Data: <searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22TUBERCULOSIS%22">TUBERCULOSIS</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22MYCOBACTERIUM+tuberculosis%22">MYCOBACTERIUM tuberculosis</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22INFECTION%22">INFECTION</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22PRISONERS%22">PRISONERS</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22ISONIAZID%22">ISONIAZID</searchLink>
– Name: Abstract
  Label: Abstract
  Group: Ab
  Data: Introduction: Active tuberculosis (TB) and latent tuberculosis infection (LTBI) are a public health threat in prisons around the world. The objectives of the study were to estimate the prevalence of LTBI and TB as well as to investigate TB transmission inside one prison, in Colombia. Methods: A Cross-sectional study was conducted in inmates who agreed to participate. Inmates with respiratory symptoms (RS) of any duration underwent to medical evaluation and three sputum samples were taken for smear microscopy and culture for TB diagnosis. Drug susceptibility was analyzed using BACTEC MGIT 960 and GenoType MTBDRplus. Molecular genotyping of Mycobacterium tuberculosis isolates was performed by 24-Locus MIRU-VNTR and spoligotyping. LTBI was evaluated according to the result of the tuberculin skin test (TST). Close contact investigation was conducted inside the prison for inmates that shared the cell with the index TB case. Results: Among 301/2,020 (15%) inmates with RS of any duration, 8% were diagnosed with active TB. The prevalence of active TB was 1,026 cases/100,000 inmates. We isolated M. tuberculosis in 19/24 (79%) TB cases, 94.7% were susceptible to first line drugs and only one was monoresistant to isoniazid. The most prevalent sub-lineage was Haarlem (68.4%), followed by LAM (26.3%) and T superfamily (5.3%). 24-Locus MIRU-VNTR typing results alone or in combination with spoligotyping identified three clusters containing two isolates each. Two clusters corresponded to inmates that shared the same cell, but each one was located in different blocks of the prison. Inmates from the last cluster were in the same block in nearby cells. TST reading was performed in 95.6% inmates, and 67.6% had a positive reaction. Conclusions: The prevalence of LTBI and TB was higher in prison than in the general population. Molecular genotyping suggests that TB in this prison is mainly caused by strains imported by inmates or endogenous reactivation. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
– Name: Abstract
  Label:
  Group: Ab
  Data: <i>Copyright of PLoS ONE is the property of Public Library of Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract.</i> (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
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