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Gadolinium nanoparticles and contrast agent as radiation sensitizers.

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Title: Gadolinium nanoparticles and contrast agent as radiation sensitizers.
Authors: Florence Taupin, Mélanie Flaender, Rachel Delorme, Thierry Brochard, Jean-François Mayol, Josiane Arnaud, Pascal Perriat, Lucie Sancey, François Lux, Rolf F Barth, Marie Carrière, Jean-Luc Ravanat, Hélène Elleaume
Source: Physics in Medicine & Biology; 6/7/2015, Vol. 60 Issue 11, p1-1, 1p
Subject Terms: GADOLINIUM, CONTRAST media, HIGH energy radiotherapy, GAMMA rays, SYNCHROTRONS, RADIATION-sensitizing agents
Abstract: The goal of the present study was to evaluate and compare the radiosensitizing properties of gadolinium nanoparticles (NPs) with the gadolinium contrast agent (GdCA) Magnevist® in order to better understand the mechanisms by which they act as radiation sensitizers. This was determined following either low energy synchrotron irradiation or high energy gamma irradiation of F98 rat glioma cells exposed to ultrasmall gadolinium NPs (GdNPs, hydrodynamic diameter of 3 nm) or GdCA. Clonogenic assays were used to quantify cell survival after irradiation in the presence of Gd using monochromatic x-rays with energies in the 25 keV–80 keV range from a synchrotron and 1.25 MeV gamma photons from a cobalt-60 source. Radiosensitization was demonstrated with both agents in combination with X-irradiation. At the same concentration (2.1 mg mL−1), GdNPS had a greater effect than GdCA. The maximum sensitization-enhancement ratio at 4 Gy (SER4Gy) was observed at an energy of 65 keV for both the nanoparticles and the contrast agent (2.44   ±   0.33 and 1.50   ±   0.20, for GdNPs and GdCA, respectively). At a higher energy (1.25 MeV), radiosensitization only was observed with GdNPs (1.66   ±   0.17 and 1.01   ±   0.11, for GdNPs and GdCA, respectively). The radiation dose enhancements were highly ‘energy dependent’ for both agents. Secondary-electron-emission generated after photoelectric events appeared to be the primary mechanism by which Gd contrast agents functioned as radiosensitizers. On the other hand, other biological mechanisms, such as alterations in the cell cycle may explain the enhanced radiosensitizing properties of GdNPs. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
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  Data: Gadolinium nanoparticles and contrast agent as radiation sensitizers.
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  Data: <searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Florence+Taupin%22">Florence Taupin</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Mélanie+Flaender%22">Mélanie Flaender</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Rachel+Delorme%22">Rachel Delorme</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Thierry+Brochard%22">Thierry Brochard</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Jean-François+Mayol%22">Jean-François Mayol</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Josiane+Arnaud%22">Josiane Arnaud</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Pascal+Perriat%22">Pascal Perriat</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Lucie+Sancey%22">Lucie Sancey</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22François+Lux%22">François Lux</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Rolf+F+Barth%22">Rolf F Barth</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Marie+Carrière%22">Marie Carrière</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Jean-Luc+Ravanat%22">Jean-Luc Ravanat</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Hélène+Elleaume%22">Hélène Elleaume</searchLink>
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  Data: Physics in Medicine & Biology; 6/7/2015, Vol. 60 Issue 11, p1-1, 1p
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  Data: <searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22GADOLINIUM%22">GADOLINIUM</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22CONTRAST+media%22">CONTRAST media</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22HIGH+energy+radiotherapy%22">HIGH energy radiotherapy</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22GAMMA+rays%22">GAMMA rays</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22SYNCHROTRONS%22">SYNCHROTRONS</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22RADIATION-sensitizing+agents%22">RADIATION-sensitizing agents</searchLink>
– Name: Abstract
  Label: Abstract
  Group: Ab
  Data: The goal of the present study was to evaluate and compare the radiosensitizing properties of gadolinium nanoparticles (NPs) with the gadolinium contrast agent (GdCA) Magnevist<superscript>®</superscript> in order to better understand the mechanisms by which they act as radiation sensitizers. This was determined following either low energy synchrotron irradiation or high energy gamma irradiation of F98 rat glioma cells exposed to ultrasmall gadolinium NPs (GdNPs, hydrodynamic diameter of 3 nm) or GdCA. Clonogenic assays were used to quantify cell survival after irradiation in the presence of Gd using monochromatic x-rays with energies in the 25 keV–80 keV range from a synchrotron and 1.25 MeV gamma photons from a cobalt-60 source. Radiosensitization was demonstrated with both agents in combination with X-irradiation. At the same concentration (2.1 mg mL<superscript>−1</superscript>), GdNPS had a greater effect than GdCA. The maximum sensitization-enhancement ratio at 4 Gy (SER<subscript>4Gy</subscript>) was observed at an energy of 65 keV for both the nanoparticles and the contrast agent (2.44   ±   0.33 and 1.50   ±   0.20, for GdNPs and GdCA, respectively). At a higher energy (1.25 MeV), radiosensitization only was observed with GdNPs (1.66   ±   0.17 and 1.01   ±   0.11, for GdNPs and GdCA, respectively). The radiation dose enhancements were highly ‘energy dependent’ for both agents. Secondary-electron-emission generated after photoelectric events appeared to be the primary mechanism by which Gd contrast agents functioned as radiosensitizers. On the other hand, other biological mechanisms, such as alterations in the cell cycle may explain the enhanced radiosensitizing properties of GdNPs. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
– Name: Abstract
  Label:
  Group: Ab
  Data: <i>© 2025 IOP Publishing Ltd. All rights, including for text and data mining, AI training, and similar technologies, are reserved</i> (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
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        Value: 10.1088/0031-9155/60/11/4449
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      – Code: eng
        Text: English
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      – SubjectFull: GADOLINIUM
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: CONTRAST media
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      – SubjectFull: HIGH energy radiotherapy
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      – SubjectFull: GAMMA rays
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      – SubjectFull: RADIATION-sensitizing agents
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              Text: 6/7/2015
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