URBAN RESILIENCE AND SOCIAL SECURITY UPTAKE: NEW ZEALAND EVIDENCE FROM THE GLOBAL FINANCIAL CRISIS AND THE COVID-19 PANDEMIC.
| Title: | URBAN RESILIENCE AND SOCIAL SECURITY UPTAKE: NEW ZEALAND EVIDENCE FROM THE GLOBAL FINANCIAL CRISIS AND THE COVID-19 PANDEMIC. |
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| Authors: | Cochrane, William1 billc@waikato.ac.nz, Poot, Jacques2 jacques.poot@waikato.ac.nz, Roskruge, Matthew3 m.roskruge@massey.ac.nz |
| Source: | Australasian Journal of Regional Studies. 2023, Vol. 29 Issue 2, p155-184. 30p. |
| Subject Terms: | *COVID-19 pandemic, *Global Financial Crisis, 2008-2009, *Social security, *Census, Employment statistics, Suicide statistics |
| Geographic Terms: | New Zealand |
| Abstract: | This paper focuses on the spatial variation in the uptake of social security benefits following a large and detrimental exogenous shock. Specifically, we focus on the Global Financial Crisis (GFC) and on the onset of the COVID-19 pandemic. We construct a two-period panel of 66 Territorial Authorities (TAs) of New Zealand (NZ) observed in 2008-09 and 2019-20. We find that, despite the totally different nature of the two shocks, the initial increase in benefit uptake due to the COVID-19 pandemic was of a similar magnitude as that of the GFC, and the spatial pattern was also quite similar. We link the social security data with 146 indicator variables across 15 domains that were obtained from population censuses that were held about 2 years before the two periods. To identify urban characteristics that point to economic resilience, we formulate spatial panel regression models. Additionally, we use machine learning techniques. We find that the most resilient TAs had two years previously: (1) a low unemployment rate; and (2) a large public sector. Additionally, but with less predictive power, we find that TAs had a smaller increase in social security uptake after the shock when they had previously: (3) a high employment rate (or high female labour force participation rate); (4) a smaller proportion of the population stating ethnicities other than NZ European; (5) a smaller proportion of the population living in more deprived area units. We also find that interregional spillovers matter and that there are spatial clusters of resilient regions. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR] |
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| Database: | Business Source Complete |
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| Items | – Name: Title Label: Title Group: Ti Data: URBAN RESILIENCE AND SOCIAL SECURITY UPTAKE: NEW ZEALAND EVIDENCE FROM THE GLOBAL FINANCIAL CRISIS AND THE COVID-19 PANDEMIC. – Name: Author Label: Authors Group: Au Data: <searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Cochrane%2C+William%22">Cochrane, William</searchLink><relatesTo>1</relatesTo><i> billc@waikato.ac.nz</i><br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Poot%2C+Jacques%22">Poot, Jacques</searchLink><relatesTo>2</relatesTo><i> jacques.poot@waikato.ac.nz</i><br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Roskruge%2C+Matthew%22">Roskruge, Matthew</searchLink><relatesTo>3</relatesTo><i> m.roskruge@massey.ac.nz</i> – Name: TitleSource Label: Source Group: Src Data: <searchLink fieldCode="JN" term="%22Australasian+Journal+of+Regional+Studies%22">Australasian Journal of Regional Studies</searchLink>. 2023, Vol. 29 Issue 2, p155-184. 30p. – Name: Subject Label: Subject Terms Group: Su Data: *<searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22COVID-19+pandemic%22">COVID-19 pandemic</searchLink><br />*<searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Global+Financial+Crisis%2C+2008-2009%22">Global Financial Crisis, 2008-2009</searchLink><br />*<searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Social+security%22">Social security</searchLink><br />*<searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Census%22">Census</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Employment+statistics%22">Employment statistics</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Suicide+statistics%22">Suicide statistics</searchLink> – Name: SubjectGeographic Label: Geographic Terms Group: Su Data: <searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22New+Zealand%22">New Zealand</searchLink> – Name: Abstract Label: Abstract Group: Ab Data: This paper focuses on the spatial variation in the uptake of social security benefits following a large and detrimental exogenous shock. Specifically, we focus on the Global Financial Crisis (GFC) and on the onset of the COVID-19 pandemic. We construct a two-period panel of 66 Territorial Authorities (TAs) of New Zealand (NZ) observed in 2008-09 and 2019-20. We find that, despite the totally different nature of the two shocks, the initial increase in benefit uptake due to the COVID-19 pandemic was of a similar magnitude as that of the GFC, and the spatial pattern was also quite similar. We link the social security data with 146 indicator variables across 15 domains that were obtained from population censuses that were held about 2 years before the two periods. To identify urban characteristics that point to economic resilience, we formulate spatial panel regression models. Additionally, we use machine learning techniques. We find that the most resilient TAs had two years previously: (1) a low unemployment rate; and (2) a large public sector. Additionally, but with less predictive power, we find that TAs had a smaller increase in social security uptake after the shock when they had previously: (3) a high employment rate (or high female labour force participation rate); (4) a smaller proportion of the population stating ethnicities other than NZ European; (5) a smaller proportion of the population living in more deprived area units. We also find that interregional spillovers matter and that there are spatial clusters of resilient regions. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR] – Name: AbstractSuppliedCopyright Label: Group: Ab Data: <i>Copyright of Australasian Journal of Regional Studies is the property of Regional Science Association and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract.</i> (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.) |
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| RecordInfo | BibRecord: BibEntity: Languages: – Code: eng Text: English PhysicalDescription: Pagination: PageCount: 30 StartPage: 155 Subjects: – SubjectFull: COVID-19 pandemic Type: general – SubjectFull: Global Financial Crisis, 2008-2009 Type: general – SubjectFull: Social security Type: general – SubjectFull: Census Type: general – SubjectFull: Employment statistics Type: general – SubjectFull: Suicide statistics Type: general – SubjectFull: New Zealand Type: general Titles: – TitleFull: URBAN RESILIENCE AND SOCIAL SECURITY UPTAKE: NEW ZEALAND EVIDENCE FROM THE GLOBAL FINANCIAL CRISIS AND THE COVID-19 PANDEMIC. Type: main BibRelationships: HasContributorRelationships: – PersonEntity: Name: NameFull: Cochrane, William – PersonEntity: Name: NameFull: Poot, Jacques – PersonEntity: Name: NameFull: Roskruge, Matthew IsPartOfRelationships: – BibEntity: Dates: – D: 01 M: 05 Text: 2023 Type: published Y: 2023 Identifiers: – Type: issn-print Value: 13240935 Numbering: – Type: volume Value: 29 – Type: issue Value: 2 Titles: – TitleFull: Australasian Journal of Regional Studies Type: main |
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