Non-destructive wood identification using X-ray µCT scanning: which resolution do we need?
| Title: | Non-destructive wood identification using X-ray µCT scanning: which resolution do we need? |
|---|---|
| Authors: | Dierickx, Sofie1,2,3 (AUTHOR) sofie.dierickx@africamuseum.be, Genbrugge, Siska1 (AUTHOR), Beeckman, Hans4 (AUTHOR), Hubau, Wannes2,4 (AUTHOR), Kibleur, Pierre3,5 (AUTHOR), Van den Bulcke, Jan2,3 (AUTHOR) |
| Source: | Plant Methods. 6/24/2024, Vol. 20 Issue 1, p1-14. 14p. |
| Subject Terms: | *WOOD, *X-ray computed microtomography, *IDENTIFICATION, *ONLINE databases, *DATABASES, *CULTURAL property |
| Geographic Terms: | BELGIUM |
| Abstract: | Background: Taxonomic identification of wood specimens provides vital information for a wide variety of academic (e.g. paleoecology, cultural heritage studies) and commercial (e.g. wood trade) purposes. It is generally accomplished through the observation of key anatomical features. Classic methodologies mostly require destructive sub-sampling, which is not always acceptable. X-ray computed micro-tomography (µCT) is a promising non-destructive alternative since it allows a detailed non-invasive visualization of the internal wood structure. There is, however, no standardized approach that determines the required resolution for proper wood identification using X-ray µCT. Here we compared X-ray µCT scans of 17 African wood species at four resolutions (1 µm, 3 µm, 8 µm and 15 µm). The species were selected from the Xylarium of the Royal Museum for Central Africa, Belgium, and represent a wide variety of wood-anatomical features. Results: For each resolution, we determined which standardized anatomical features can be distinguished or measured, using the anatomical descriptions and microscopic photographs on the Inside Wood Online Database as a reference. We show that small-scale features (e.g. pits and fibres) can be best distinguished at high resolution (especially 1 µm voxel size). In contrast, large-scale features (e.g. vessel porosity or arrangement) can be best observed at low resolution due to a larger field of view. Intermediate resolutions are optimal (especially 3 µm voxel size), allowing recognition of most small- and large-scale features. While the potential for wood identification is thus highest at 3 µm, the scans at 1 µm and 8 µm were successful in more than half of the studied cases, and even the 15 µm resolution showed a high potential for 40% of the samples. Conclusions: The results show the potential of X-ray µCT for non-destructive wood identification. Each of the four studied resolutions proved to contain information on the anatomical features and has the potential to lead to an identification. The dataset of 17 scanned species is made available online and serves as the first step towards a reference database of scanned wood species, facilitating and encouraging more systematic use of X-ray µCT for the identification of wood species. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR] |
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| Items | – Name: Title Label: Title Group: Ti Data: Non-destructive wood identification using X-ray µCT scanning: which resolution do we need? – Name: Author Label: Authors Group: Au Data: <searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Dierickx%2C+Sofie%22">Dierickx, Sofie</searchLink><relatesTo>1,2,3</relatesTo> (AUTHOR)<i> sofie.dierickx@africamuseum.be</i><br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Genbrugge%2C+Siska%22">Genbrugge, Siska</searchLink><relatesTo>1</relatesTo> (AUTHOR)<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Beeckman%2C+Hans%22">Beeckman, Hans</searchLink><relatesTo>4</relatesTo> (AUTHOR)<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Hubau%2C+Wannes%22">Hubau, Wannes</searchLink><relatesTo>2,4</relatesTo> (AUTHOR)<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Kibleur%2C+Pierre%22">Kibleur, Pierre</searchLink><relatesTo>3,5</relatesTo> (AUTHOR)<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Van+den+Bulcke%2C+Jan%22">Van den Bulcke, Jan</searchLink><relatesTo>2,3</relatesTo> (AUTHOR) – Name: TitleSource Label: Source Group: Src Data: <searchLink fieldCode="JN" term="%22Plant+Methods%22">Plant Methods</searchLink>. 6/24/2024, Vol. 20 Issue 1, p1-14. 14p. – Name: Subject Label: Subject Terms Group: Su Data: *<searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22WOOD%22">WOOD</searchLink><br />*<searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22X-ray+computed+microtomography%22">X-ray computed microtomography</searchLink><br />*<searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22IDENTIFICATION%22">IDENTIFICATION</searchLink><br />*<searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22ONLINE+databases%22">ONLINE databases</searchLink><br />*<searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22DATABASES%22">DATABASES</searchLink><br />*<searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22CULTURAL+property%22">CULTURAL property</searchLink> – Name: SubjectGeographic Label: Geographic Terms Group: Su Data: <searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22BELGIUM%22">BELGIUM</searchLink> – Name: Abstract Label: Abstract Group: Ab Data: Background: Taxonomic identification of wood specimens provides vital information for a wide variety of academic (e.g. paleoecology, cultural heritage studies) and commercial (e.g. wood trade) purposes. It is generally accomplished through the observation of key anatomical features. Classic methodologies mostly require destructive sub-sampling, which is not always acceptable. X-ray computed micro-tomography (µCT) is a promising non-destructive alternative since it allows a detailed non-invasive visualization of the internal wood structure. There is, however, no standardized approach that determines the required resolution for proper wood identification using X-ray µCT. Here we compared X-ray µCT scans of 17 African wood species at four resolutions (1 µm, 3 µm, 8 µm and 15 µm). The species were selected from the Xylarium of the Royal Museum for Central Africa, Belgium, and represent a wide variety of wood-anatomical features. Results: For each resolution, we determined which standardized anatomical features can be distinguished or measured, using the anatomical descriptions and microscopic photographs on the Inside Wood Online Database as a reference. We show that small-scale features (e.g. pits and fibres) can be best distinguished at high resolution (especially 1 µm voxel size). In contrast, large-scale features (e.g. vessel porosity or arrangement) can be best observed at low resolution due to a larger field of view. Intermediate resolutions are optimal (especially 3 µm voxel size), allowing recognition of most small- and large-scale features. While the potential for wood identification is thus highest at 3 µm, the scans at 1 µm and 8 µm were successful in more than half of the studied cases, and even the 15 µm resolution showed a high potential for 40% of the samples. Conclusions: The results show the potential of X-ray µCT for non-destructive wood identification. Each of the four studied resolutions proved to contain information on the anatomical features and has the potential to lead to an identification. The dataset of 17 scanned species is made available online and serves as the first step towards a reference database of scanned wood species, facilitating and encouraging more systematic use of X-ray µCT for the identification of wood species. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR] – Name: AbstractSuppliedCopyright Label: Group: Ab Data: <i>Copyright of Plant Methods is the property of BioMed Central and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract.</i> (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.) |
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| RecordInfo | BibRecord: BibEntity: Identifiers: – Type: doi Value: 10.1186/s13007-024-01216-0 Languages: – Code: eng Text: English PhysicalDescription: Pagination: PageCount: 14 StartPage: 1 Subjects: – SubjectFull: BELGIUM Type: general – SubjectFull: WOOD Type: general – SubjectFull: X-ray computed microtomography Type: general – SubjectFull: IDENTIFICATION Type: general – SubjectFull: ONLINE databases Type: general – SubjectFull: DATABASES Type: general – SubjectFull: CULTURAL property Type: general Titles: – TitleFull: Non-destructive wood identification using X-ray µCT scanning: which resolution do we need? Type: main BibRelationships: HasContributorRelationships: – PersonEntity: Name: NameFull: Dierickx, Sofie – PersonEntity: Name: NameFull: Genbrugge, Siska – PersonEntity: Name: NameFull: Beeckman, Hans – PersonEntity: Name: NameFull: Hubau, Wannes – PersonEntity: Name: NameFull: Kibleur, Pierre – PersonEntity: Name: NameFull: Van den Bulcke, Jan IsPartOfRelationships: – BibEntity: Dates: – D: 24 M: 06 Text: 6/24/2024 Type: published Y: 2024 Identifiers: – Type: issn-print Value: 17464811 Numbering: – Type: volume Value: 20 – Type: issue Value: 1 Titles: – TitleFull: Plant Methods Type: main |
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