The genome of the intracellular bacterium of the coastal bivalve, Solemya velum: a blueprint for thriving in and out of symbiosis.
| Title: | The genome of the intracellular bacterium of the coastal bivalve, Solemya velum: a blueprint for thriving in and out of symbiosis. |
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| Authors: | Dmytrenko, Oleg1 (AUTHOR), Russell, Shelbi L.1 (AUTHOR), Loo, Wesley T.1 (AUTHOR), Fontanez, Kristina M.2 (AUTHOR), Li Liao3 (AUTHOR), Roeselers, Guus4 (AUTHOR), Sharma, Raghav5 (AUTHOR), Stewart, Frank J.5 (AUTHOR), Newton, Irene L. G.6 (AUTHOR), Woyke, Tanja7 (AUTHOR), Dongying Wu8 (AUTHOR), Lang, Jenna Morgan8 (AUTHOR), Eisen, Jonathan A.8 (AUTHOR) jaeisen@ucdavis.edu, Cavanaugh, Colleen M.1 (AUTHOR) cavanaug@fas.harvard.edu |
| Source: | BMC Genomics. 2014, Vol. 15 Issue 1, p924-943. 20p. 2 Diagrams, 4 Charts, 2 Graphs. |
| Abstract: | Background: Symbioses between chemoautotrophic bacteria and marine invertebrates are rare examples of living systems that are virtually independent of photosynthetic primary production. These associations have evolved multiple times in marine habitats, such as deep-sea hydrothermal vents and reducing sediments, characterized by steep gradients of oxygen and reduced chemicals. Due to difficulties associated with maintaining these symbioses in the laboratory and culturing the symbiotic bacteria, studies of chemosynthetic symbioses rely heavily on culture independent methods. The symbiosis between the coastal bivalve, Solemya velum, and its intracellular symbiont is a model for chemosynthetic symbioses given its accessibility in intertidal environments and the ability to maintain it under laboratory conditions. To better understand this symbiosis, the genome of the S. velum endosymbiont was sequenced. Results: Relative to the genomes of obligate symbiotic bacteria, which commonly undergo erosion and reduction, the S. velum symbiont genome was large (2.7 Mb), GC-rich (51%), and contained a large number (78) of mobile genetic elements. Comparative genomics identified sets of genes specific to the chemosynthetic lifestyle and necessary to sustain the symbiosis. In addition, a number of inferred metabolic pathways and cellular processes, including heterotrophy, branched electron transport, and motility, suggested that besides the ability to function as an endosymbiont, the bacterium may have the capacity to live outside the host. Conclusions: The physiological dexterity indicated by the genome substantially improves our understanding of the genetic and metabolic capabilities of the S. velum symbiont and the breadth of niches the partners may inhabit during their lifecycle. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR] |
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| Items | – Name: Title Label: Title Group: Ti Data: The genome of the intracellular bacterium of the coastal bivalve, Solemya velum: a blueprint for thriving in and out of symbiosis. – Name: Author Label: Authors Group: Au Data: <searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Dmytrenko%2C+Oleg%22">Dmytrenko, Oleg</searchLink><relatesTo>1</relatesTo> (AUTHOR)<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Russell%2C+Shelbi+L%2E%22">Russell, Shelbi L.</searchLink><relatesTo>1</relatesTo> (AUTHOR)<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Loo%2C+Wesley+T%2E%22">Loo, Wesley T.</searchLink><relatesTo>1</relatesTo> (AUTHOR)<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Fontanez%2C+Kristina+M%2E%22">Fontanez, Kristina M.</searchLink><relatesTo>2</relatesTo> (AUTHOR)<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Li+Liao%22">Li Liao</searchLink><relatesTo>3</relatesTo> (AUTHOR)<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Roeselers%2C+Guus%22">Roeselers, Guus</searchLink><relatesTo>4</relatesTo> (AUTHOR)<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Sharma%2C+Raghav%22">Sharma, Raghav</searchLink><relatesTo>5</relatesTo> (AUTHOR)<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Stewart%2C+Frank+J%2E%22">Stewart, Frank J.</searchLink><relatesTo>5</relatesTo> (AUTHOR)<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Newton%2C+Irene+L%2E+G%2E%22">Newton, Irene L. G.</searchLink><relatesTo>6</relatesTo> (AUTHOR)<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Woyke%2C+Tanja%22">Woyke, Tanja</searchLink><relatesTo>7</relatesTo> (AUTHOR)<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Dongying+Wu%22">Dongying Wu</searchLink><relatesTo>8</relatesTo> (AUTHOR)<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Lang%2C+Jenna+Morgan%22">Lang, Jenna Morgan</searchLink><relatesTo>8</relatesTo> (AUTHOR)<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Eisen%2C+Jonathan+A%2E%22">Eisen, Jonathan A.</searchLink><relatesTo>8</relatesTo> (AUTHOR)<i> jaeisen@ucdavis.edu</i><br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Cavanaugh%2C+Colleen+M%2E%22">Cavanaugh, Colleen M.</searchLink><relatesTo>1</relatesTo> (AUTHOR)<i> cavanaug@fas.harvard.edu</i> – Name: TitleSource Label: Source Group: Src Data: <searchLink fieldCode="JN" term="%22BMC+Genomics%22">BMC Genomics</searchLink>. 2014, Vol. 15 Issue 1, p924-943. 20p. 2 Diagrams, 4 Charts, 2 Graphs. – Name: Abstract Label: Abstract Group: Ab Data: Background: Symbioses between chemoautotrophic bacteria and marine invertebrates are rare examples of living systems that are virtually independent of photosynthetic primary production. These associations have evolved multiple times in marine habitats, such as deep-sea hydrothermal vents and reducing sediments, characterized by steep gradients of oxygen and reduced chemicals. Due to difficulties associated with maintaining these symbioses in the laboratory and culturing the symbiotic bacteria, studies of chemosynthetic symbioses rely heavily on culture independent methods. The symbiosis between the coastal bivalve, Solemya velum, and its intracellular symbiont is a model for chemosynthetic symbioses given its accessibility in intertidal environments and the ability to maintain it under laboratory conditions. To better understand this symbiosis, the genome of the S. velum endosymbiont was sequenced. Results: Relative to the genomes of obligate symbiotic bacteria, which commonly undergo erosion and reduction, the S. velum symbiont genome was large (2.7 Mb), GC-rich (51%), and contained a large number (78) of mobile genetic elements. Comparative genomics identified sets of genes specific to the chemosynthetic lifestyle and necessary to sustain the symbiosis. In addition, a number of inferred metabolic pathways and cellular processes, including heterotrophy, branched electron transport, and motility, suggested that besides the ability to function as an endosymbiont, the bacterium may have the capacity to live outside the host. Conclusions: The physiological dexterity indicated by the genome substantially improves our understanding of the genetic and metabolic capabilities of the S. velum symbiont and the breadth of niches the partners may inhabit during their lifecycle. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR] – Name: AbstractSuppliedCopyright Label: Group: Ab Data: <i>Copyright of BMC Genomics is the property of BioMed Central and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract.</i> (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.) |
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