Recommendations for recognizing, risk stratifying, treating, and managing children and adolescents with hypoglycemia

Authors: Stefano Zucchini, Stefano Tumini, Andrea Enzo Scaramuzza, Riccardo Bonfanti, Maurizio Delvecchio, Roberto Franceschi, Dario Iafusco, Lorenzo Lenzi, Enza Mozzillo, Stefano Passanisi, Claudia Piona, Ivana Rabbone, Novella Rapini, Andrea Rigamonti, Carlo Ripoli, Giuseppina Salzano, Silvia Savastio, Riccardo Schiaffini, Angela Zanfardino, Valentino Cherubini, Diabetes Study Group of the Italian Society for Pediatric Endocrinology Diabetes, Albino Claudia Accursia, Aloe Monica, Anzelotti Maria Teresa, Arnaldi Claudia, Barbetti Fabrizio, Bassi Marta, Berioli Maria Giulia, Bernardini Luca, Bertelli Enrica, Biagioni Martina, Bobbio Adriana, Bombaci Bruno, Bonfanti Riccardo, Bonura Clara, Bracciolini Giulia Patrizia, Bruzzese Mariella, Bruzzi Patrizia, Buono Pietro, Buscarino Piera, Cadario Francesco, Calcaterra Valeria, Calzi Elena, Cappa Marco, Cardani Roberta, Cardella Francesca, Cardinale Giuliana Marcella, Casertano Alberto, Castorani Valeria, Cauvin Vittoria, Cenciarelli Valentina, Ceruti Franco, Cherubini Valentino, Chiarelli Francesco, Chiari Giovanni, Cianfarani Stefano, Cicchetti Mario, Cipriano Paola, Cirillo Dante, Citriniti Felice, Coccioli Maria Susanna, Confetto Santino, Contreas Giovanna, Coro Anna, Correddu Antonella, Corsini Elisa, Crino’ Antonino, d’Annunzio Giuseppe, De Berardinis Fiorella, De Donno Valeria, De Filippo Gianpaolo, De Marco Rosaria, De Sanctis Luisa, Del Duca Elisabetta, Delvecchio Maurizio, Deodati Annalisa, Di Bonito Procolo, Di Candia Francesca, Faleschini Elena, Fattorusso Valentina, Favia Anna, Federico Giovanni, Felappi Barbara, Ferrari Mara, Ferrito Lucia, Fichera Graziella, Fontana Franco, Fornari Elena, Franceschi Roberto, Franco Francesca, Franzese Adriana, Frongia Anna Paola, Frontino Giulio, Gaiero Alberto, Galassi Sabrina Maria, Gallo Francesco, Gargantini Luigi, Giani Elisa, Gortan Anna Jolanda, Graziani Vanna, Grosso Caterina, Gualtieri Antonella, Guasti Monica, Guerraggio Lucia Paola, Guzzetti Chiara, Iafusco Dario, Iannicelli Gennaro, Iezzi Maria Laura, Ignaccolo Maria Giovanna, Innaurato Stefania, Inzaghi Elena, Iovane Brunella, Iughetti Lorenzo, Kaufmann Peter, La Loggia Alfonso, Lambertini Anna Giulia, Lapolla Rosa, Lasagni Anna, Lazzaro Nicola, Lazzeroni Pietro, Lenzi Lorenzo, Lera Riccardo, Levantini Gabriella, Lezzi Marilea, Lia Rosanna, Liguori Alice, Lo Presti Donatella, Lombardo Fortunato, Lonero Antonella, Longhi Silvia, Lorubbio Antonella, Lucchesi Sonia, Maccioni Rosella, Macedoni Maddalena, Macellaro Patrizia Cristiana, Madeo Simona Filomena, Maffeis Claudio, Mainetti Benedetta, Maltoni Giulio, Mameli Chiara, Mammì Francesco, Manca Bitti Maria Luisa, Mancioppi Valentina, Manco Melania, Marigliano Marco, Marino Monica, Marsciani Alberto, Matteoli Maria Cristina, Mazzali Elena, Minute Marta, Minuto Nicola, Monti Sara, Morandi Anita,, Morganti Gianfranco, Morotti Elisa, Mozzillo Enza, Musolino Gianluca, Olivieri Francesca, Ortolani Federica, Pampanini Valentina, Pardi Daniela, Pascarella Filomena, Pasquino Bruno, Passanisi Stefano, Patera Ippolita Patrizia, Pedini Annalisa, Pennati Maria Cristina, Peruzzi Sonia, Peverelli Paola, Pezzino Giulia, Piccini Barbara, Piccinno Elvira Eugenia Rosaria, Piona Claudia, Piredda Gavina, Piscopo Alessia, Pistone Carmelo, Pozzi Erica, Prandi Elena, Predieri Barbara, Prudente Sabrina, Pulcina Anna, Rabbone Ivana, Randazzo Emioli, Rapini Novella, Reinstadler Petra, Riboni Sara, Ricciardi Maria Rossella, Rigamonti Andrea, Ripoli Carlo, Rossi Virginia, Rossi Paolo, Rutigliano Irene, Sabbion Alberto, Salvatoni Alessandro, Salvo Caterina, Salzano Giuseppina, Sanseviero Mariateresa, Savastio Silvia, Savini Rosanna, Scanu Mariapiera, Scaramuzza Andrea Enzo, Schiaffini Riccardo, Schiavone Maurizio, Schieven Eleonardo, Scipione Mirella, Secco Andrea, Silvestri Francesca, Siri Giulia, Sogno Valin Paola, Sordelli Silvia, Spiri Daniele, Stagi Stefano, Stamati Filomena Andreina, Suprani Tosca, Talarico Valentina, Tiberi Valentina, Timpanaro Tiziana Antonia Lucia, Tinti Davide, Tirendi Antonina, Tomaselli Letizia Grazia, Toni Sonia, Torelli Cataldo, Tornese Gianluca, Trada Michela,, Trettene Adolfo Andrea, Tumini Stefano, Tumminelli Marilena, Valerio Giuliana, Vandelli Sara, Ventrici Claudia, Zampolli Maria, Zanatta Manuela, Zanfardino Angela, Zecchino Clara, Zonca Silvia, Zucchini Stefano

Source: Frontiers in Endocrinology, Vol 15 (2024)

Subject Terms: adolescents, automated insulin delivery, children, hypoglycemia, glucagon, oral glucose, Diseases of the endocrine glands. Clinical endocrinology, RC648-665

File Description: electronic resource

Relation: https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fendo.2024.1387537/full; https://doaj.org/toc/1664-2392

Access URL: https://doaj.org/article/04c5d7ea5bbf4c18b2fce4857d7be15d

Glucometrics and device satisfaction in children and adolescents with type 1 diabetes using different treatment modalities: A multicenter real-world observational study

Authors: Cherubini, Valentino, Faragalli, Andrea, Arnaldi, Claudia, Bassi, Marta, Bonfanti, Riccardo, Patrizia Bracciolini, Giulia, Cardella, Francesca, Dal Bo, Sara, Delvecchio, Maurizio, Di Candia, Francesca, Franceschi, Roberto, Maria Galassi, Sabrina, Gallo, Francesco, Graziani, Vanna, Iannilli, Antonio, Mameli, Chiara, Marigliano, Marco, Minuto, Nicola, Monti, Sara, Mozzillo, Enza, Pascarella, Filomena, Predieri, Barbara, Rabbone, Ivana, Roppolo, Rosalia, Schiaffini, Riccardo, Tiberi, Valentina, Tinti, Davide, Toni, Sonia, Scaramuzza, Andrea, Vestrucci, Benedetta, Gesuita, Rosaria

Source: In Diabetes Research and Clinical Practice April 2024 210

Glycemia Risk Index as a Novel Metric to Evaluate the Safety of Glycemic Control in Children and Adolescents with Type 1 Diabetes: An Observational, Multicenter, Real-Life Cohort Study

Authors: Piona, Claudia, Marigliano, Marco, Roncarà, Chiara, Mozzillo, Enza, Di Candia, Francesca, Zanfardino, Angela, Iafusco, Dario, Maltoni, Giulio, Zucchini, Stefano, Piccinno, Elvira, Delvecchio, Maurizio, Passanisi, Stefano, Lombardo, Fortunato, Bonfanti, Riccardo, Maffeis, Claudio

Source: Diabetes technology & therapeutics. 25(7):507-512

Availability: http://explore.bl.uk/primo_library/libweb/action/display.do?tabs=detailsTab&gathStatTab=true&ct=display&fn=search&doc=ETOCvdc_100186732523.0x000001&indx=1&recIds=ETOCvdc_100186732523.0x000001

MiniMed 780G Six-Month Use in Children and Adolescents with Type 1 Diabetes: Clinical Targets and Predictors of Optimal Glucose Control

Authors: Lombardo, Fortunato, Passanisi, Stefano, Alibrandi, Angela, Bombaci, Bruno, Bonfanti, Riccardo, Delvecchio, Maurizio, Di Candia, Francesca, Mozzillo, Enza, Piccinno, Elvira, Piona, Claudia Anita, Rigamonti, Andrea, Scialabba, Francesco, Maffeis, Claudio, Salzano, Giuseppina

Source: Diabetes technology & therapeutics. 25(6):404-413

Availability: http://explore.bl.uk/primo_library/libweb/action/display.do?tabs=detailsTab&gathStatTab=true&ct=display&fn=search&doc=ETOCvdc_100184443938.0x000001&indx=1&recIds=ETOCvdc_100184443938.0x000001

A retrospective analysis of 24‐month real‐world glucose control for children and adolescents with type 1 diabetes using the MiniMed™ 670G insulin pump

Authors: Delvecchio, Maurizio, Galati, Alessio, Maffeis, Claudio, Passanisi, Stefano, Bonfanti, Riccardo, Franceschi, Roberto, Tornese, Gianluca, Calzi, Elena, Zanfardino, Angela, Bracciolini, Giulia Patrizia, Piccinno, Elvira

Source: Diabetes, obesity & metabolism. 25(4):1101-1105

Availability: http://explore.bl.uk/primo_library/libweb/action/display.do?tabs=detailsTab&gathStatTab=true&ct=display&fn=search&doc=ETOCvdc_100176178905.0x000001&indx=1&recIds=ETOCvdc_100176178905.0x000001

Satisfaction with continuous glucose monitoring is positively correlated with time in range in children with type 1 diabetes

Authors: Marigliano, Marco, Pertile, Riccardo, Mozzillo, Enza, Troncone, Alda, Maffeis, Claudio, Morotti, Elisa, Di Candia, Francesca, Fedi, Ludovica, Iafusco, Dario, Zanfardino, Angela, Cauvin, Vittoria, Maltoni, Giulio, Zucchini, Stefano, Cherubini, Valentino, Tiberi, Valentina, Minuto, Nicola, Bassi, Marta, Rabbone, Ivana, Savastio, Silvia, Tinti, Davide, Tornese, Gianluca, Schiaffini, Riccardo, Passanisi, Stefano, Lombardo, Fortunato, Bonfanti, Riccardo, Scaramuzza, Andrea, Franceschi, Roberto

Source: In Diabetes Research and Clinical Practice October 2023 204

Hemoglobin A1c trajectories in the first 18 months after diabetes diagnosis in the SWEET diabetes registry

Authors: Prahalad, Priya, Schwandt, Anke, Besançon, Stéphane, Mohan, Meena, Obermannova, Barbora, Kershaw, Melanie, Bonfanti, Riccardo, Lyckå, Auste Pundziute, Hanas, Ragnar, Casteels, Kristina

Source: Pediatric diabetes. 23(2):228-236

Availability: http://explore.bl.uk/primo_library/libweb/action/display.do?tabs=detailsTab&gathStatTab=true&ct=display&fn=search&doc=ETOCvdc_100140952752.0x000001&indx=1&recIds=ETOCvdc_100140952752.0x000001

The Pattern of Retinal Ganglion Cell Loss in Wolfram Syndrome is Distinct From Mitochondrial Optic Neuropathies

Authors: Barboni, Piero, Amore, Giulia, Cascavilla, Maria Lucia, Battista, Marco, Frontino, Giulio, Romagnoli, Martina, Caporali, Leonardo, Baldoli, Cristina, Gramegna, Laura Ludovica, Sessagesimi, Elisa, Bonfanti, Riccardo, Romagnoli, Andrea, Scotti, Roberta, Brambati, Maria, Carbonelli, Michele, Starace, Vincenzo, Fiorini, Claudio, Panebianco, Roberta, Parisi, Vincenzo, Tonon, Caterina, Bandello, Francesco, Carelli, Valerio, La Morgia, Chiara

Source: American journal of ophthalmology. 241:206-216

Availability: http://explore.bl.uk/primo_library/libweb/action/display.do?tabs=detailsTab&gathStatTab=true&ct=display&fn=search&doc=ETOCvdc_100169062671.0x000001&indx=1&recIds=ETOCvdc_100169062671.0x000001

A comparison of the effectiveness and safety of insulin glargine 300 U/ml versus 100 U/ml in children and adolescents with newly diagnosed type 1 diabetes: A retrospective, observational, short‐term study

Authors: Rabbone, Ivana, Pozzi, Erica, Savastio, Silvia, Luca, Galimberti, Elisa, Morotti, Giulio, Frontino, Bolli, Geremia B, Bonfanti, Riccardo

Source: Diabetes, obesity & metabolism. 24(12):2474-2477

Availability: http://explore.bl.uk/primo_library/libweb/action/display.do?tabs=detailsTab&gathStatTab=true&ct=display&fn=search&doc=ETOCvdc_100163348137.0x000001&indx=1&recIds=ETOCvdc_100163348137.0x000001

Landscape of paediatric endocrine clinical practice in Italy: results from a survey of the Italian Society for Paediatric Endocrinology and Diabetology (ISPED).

Authors: Street, Maria Elisabeth, Di Sessa, Anna, Esposito, Andrea, Ibba, Anastasia, Pepe, Giorgia, Bonfanti, Riccardo, Citriniti, Felice, D'Annunzio, Giuseppe, Licenziati, Maria Rosaria, Wasniewska, Malgorzata, Cherubini, Valentino, Salerno, Mariacarolina

Source: Italian Journal of Pediatrics; 3/24/2025, Vol. 51 Issue 1, p1-10, 10p

Unmet needs of Italian centers for pediatric diabetes care: analysis of a survey among pediatric diabetologists facing the national screening program for Type 1 Diabetes.

Authors: Marigliano, Marco, Franceschi, Roberto, Mozzillo, Enza, Tiberi, Valentina, Marino, Monica, Boccolini, Giada, Wasniewska, Malgorzata, Street, Maria Elizabeth, Licenziati, Maria Rosaria, Bonfanti, Riccardo, Citriniti, Felice, D'Annunzio, Giuseppe, Salerno, Maria Carolina, Cherubini, Valentino, Arnaldi, Claudia, Berioli, Giulia, Bobbio, Adriana, Bracciolini, Giulia, Cardella, Francesca, Cardinale, Giuliana Marcella

Source: Italian Journal of Pediatrics; 3/13/2025, Vol. 51 Issue 1, p1-11, 11p

SID/SIEDP expert consensus on optimizing clinical strategies for early detection and management of wolfram syndrome.

Authors: Frontino, Giulio, Delvecchio, Maurizio, Prudente, Sabrina, Sordi, Valeria Daniela, Barboni, Piero, Di Giamberardino, Alessandra, Rutigliano, Alessandra, Pellegrini, Silvia, Caretto, Amelia, Cascavilla, Maria Lucia, Bonfanti, Riccardo, D'Annunzio, Giuseppe, Lombardo, Fortunato, Piemonti, Lorenzo

Source: Journal of Endocrinological Investigation; Mar2025, Vol. 48 Issue 3, p507-525, 19p

Type 1 diabetes incidence during COVID-19 pandemic has not been influenced by COVID-19 vaccination in northern Italy region, Lombardy.

Authors: Mameli, Chiara, Valsecchi, Camilla, Cereda, Danilo, Scarioni, Simona, Barcellini, Lucia, Boriello, Catia, Bonfanti, Riccardo, Brambilla, Ilaria, Calcaterra, Valeria, Calzi, Elena, Cardani, Roberta, Cogliardi, Anna, Felappi, Barbara, Florini, Giorgia, Frontino, Giulio, Guerraggio, Lucia Paola, Hajro, Adelina, Macedoni, Maddalena, Macellaro, Patrizia, Petitti, Agnese

Source: PLoS ONE; 2/10/2025, Vol. 20 Issue 2, p1-9, 9p

Subject Terms: COVID-19 pandemic, TYPE 1 diabetes, COVID-19 vaccines, AGE distribution, VACCINATION coverage

A WFS1 variant disrupting acceptor splice site uncovers the impact of alternative splicing on beta cell apoptosis in a patient with Wolfram syndrome.

Authors: Chimienti, Raniero, Torchio, Silvia, Siracusano, Gabriel, Zamarian, Valentina, Monaco, Laura, Lombardo, Marta Tiffany, Pellegrini, Silvia, Manenti, Fabio, Cuozzo, Federica, Rossi, Greta, Carrera, Paola, Sordi, Valeria, Broccoli, Vania, Bonfanti, Riccardo, Casari, Giorgio, Frontino, Giulio, Piemonti, Lorenzo

Source: Diabetologia; Jan2025, Vol. 68 Issue 1, p128-151, 24p

Type 1 diabetes onset in Lombardy region, Italy, during the COVID-19 pandemic: The double-wave occurrence

Authors: Mameli, Chiara, Scaramuzza, Andrea, Macedoni, Maddalena, Marano, Giuseppe, Frontino, Giulio, Luconi, Ester, Pelliccia, Ciretta, Felappi, Barbara, Guerraggio, Lucia Paola, Spiri, Daniele, Macellaro, Patrizia, Chiara Redaelli, Francesca, Cardani, Roberta, Zampolli, Maria, Calcaterra, Valeria, Sordelli, Silvia, Calzi, Elena, Cogliardi, Anna, Brambilla, Ilaria, Pistone, Carmelo, Rigamonti, Andrea, Boracchi, Patrizia, Biganzoli, Elia, Zuccotti, Gian Vincenzo, Bonfanti, Riccardo

Source: In EClinicalMedicine September 2021 39

Effectiveness of a closed‐loop control system and a virtual educational camp for children and adolescents with type 1 diabetes: A prospective, multicentre, real‐life study

Authors: Cherubini, Valentino, Rabbone, Ivana, Berioli, Maria Giulia, Giorda, Sara, Lo Presti, Donatella, Maltoni, Giulio, Mameli, Chiara, Marigliano, Marco, Marino, Monica, Minuto, Nicola, Mozzillo, Enza, Piccinno, Elvira, Predieri, Barbara, Ripoli, Carlo, Schiaffini, Riccardo, Rigamonti, Andrea, Salzano, Giuseppina, Tinti, Davide, Toni, Sonia, Zanfardino, Angela, Scaramuzza, Andrea E., Gesuita, Rosaria, Tiberi, Valentina, Savastio, Silvia, Pigniatiello, Ciro, Trada, Michela, Zucchini, Stefano, Redaelli, Francesca Chiara, Maffeis, Claudio, Bassi, Marta, Rosanio, Francesco Maria, Delvecchio, Maurizio, Buzzi, Patrizia, Ricciardi, Maria Rossella, Carducci, Chiara, Bonfanti, Riccardo, Lombardo, Fortunato, Piccini, Barbara, Iafusco, Dario, Calandretti, Michela, Daga, Federico Abate

Source: Diabetes, obesity & metabolism. 23(11):2484-2491

Availability: http://explore.bl.uk/primo_library/libweb/action/display.do?tabs=detailsTab&gathStatTab=true&ct=display&fn=search&doc=ETOCvdc_100131331622.0x000001&indx=1&recIds=ETOCvdc_100131331622.0x000001

Follow‐up and monitoring programme in children identified in early‐stage type 1 diabetes during screening in the general population of Italy.

Authors: Cherubini, Valentino, Mozzillo, Enza, Iafusco, Dario, Bonfanti, Riccardo, Ripoli, Carlo, Pricci, Flavia, Vincentini, Olimpia, Agrimi, Umberto, Silano, Marco, Ulivi, Francesca, D'Avino, Antonio, Lampasona, Vito, Bosi, Emanuele

Source: Diabetes, Obesity & Metabolism; Oct2024, Vol. 26 Issue 10, p4197-4202, 6p

Subject Terms: TYPE 1 diabetes, MEDICAL screening, CELIAC disease, JUVENILE diseases, PEDIATRICIANS, DIABETIC acidosis, KETOACIDOSIS

Comment on 'Real-World Use of a New Hybrid Closed Loop Improves Glycemic Control in Youth with Type 1 Diabetes' by Messer et al.

Authors: Scaramuzza, Andrea Enzo, Bonfanti, Riccardo, Cherubini, Valentino, Marigliano, Marco, Schiaffini, Riccardo, Toni, Sonia, Rabbone, Ivana

Source: Diabetes technology & therapeutics. 24(6):455-457

Availability: http://explore.bl.uk/primo_library/libweb/action/display.do?tabs=detailsTab&gathStatTab=true&ct=display&fn=search&doc=ETOCvdc_100151382098.0x000001&indx=1&recIds=ETOCvdc_100151382098.0x000001

Reduced PD-1 expression on circulating follicular and conventional FOXP3+ Treg cells in children with new onset type 1 diabetes and autoantibody-positive at-risk children

Authors: Vecchione, Andrea, Di Fonte, Roberta, Gerosa, Jolanda, Jofra, Tatiana, Cicalese, Maria Pia, Napoleone, Vincenzo, Ippolito, Elio, Galvani, Giuseppe, Ragogna, Francesca, Stabilini, Angela, Bianconi, Eleonora, Grogan, Pauline, Bonura, Clara, Bonfanti, Riccardo, Frontino, Giulio, Nano, Rita, Melzi, Raffaela, De Pellegrin, Maurizio, Laurenzi, Andrea, Meschi, Franco, Barera, Graziano, Rigamonti, Andrea, Indirli, Rita, Bosi, Emanuele, Piemonti, Lorenzo, Aiuti, Alessandro, Battaglia, Manuela, Fousteri, Georgia

Source: In Clinical Immunology February 2020 211

Cardiovascular risk factors in children and adolescents with type 1 diabetes in Italy: a multicentric observational study

Authors: Fornari, Elena, Piona, Claudia, Rabbone, Ivana, Cardella, Francesca, Mozzillo, Enza, Predieri, Barbara, Lo Presti, Donatella, Cherubini, Valentino, Patera, Ippolita Patrizia, Suprani, Tosca, Bonfanti, Riccardo, Cauvin, Vittoria, Lombardo, Fortunato, Zucchini, Stefano, Zanfardino, Angela, Giani, Elisa, Reinstadler, Petra, Minuto, Nicola, Buganza, Raffaele, Roppolo, Rosalia, Marigliano, Marco, Maffeis, Claudio

Source: Pediatric diabetes. 21(8):1546-1555

Availability: http://explore.bl.uk/primo_library/libweb/action/display.do?tabs=detailsTab&gathStatTab=true&ct=display&fn=search&doc=ETOCvdc_100139320514.0x000001&indx=1&recIds=ETOCvdc_100139320514.0x000001